Magnesium Glycinate Buffered Preparation- (providing 20% Elemental Magnesium), Phosphatidylserine (FromSoy Lecithin powder), KSM-66® Ashwagandha Extract (12:1),
Levagen+® (Palmitoylethanolamide, Polyglycerol Esters of Fatty
Acids, Sunflower Lecithin, Oat Lecithin, Silicon Dioxide, Fractionated
Coconut Oil, Olive Oil, Citrus Oil, DL Alpha Tocopheryl Acetate),
L-Theanine, Zinc Picolinate, Nicotinamide, Calcium D-Pantothenate, Riboflavin, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Thiamine Hydrochloride, Folic
Acid, D-Biotin, Cyanocobalamin, capsule shell (Hypromellose).

- Crucial phospholipid

- Protect brain cells

- 200mg Active PS per serving

Phosphatidylserine is a phospholipid that covers and protects the cells in your brain and carries messages between them. It is a popular ingredient used by those seeking better and more restful sleep and recovery from stress. Phosphatidylserine is an essential component of human cell membranes including the brain, heart, liver, and skeletal muscles. PS is used sparingly by brands because it is expensive to buy. Often trace amounts in the 25-50mg are used to make a label claim. At least 200mg should be used and this is the lower end of what has been used within human research.

- Supports well-being (*2)

- Supports against fatigue (*6)

- Adaptogenic herb.

KSM-66® Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal)

Ashwagandha is an adaptogenic herb that may help the body successfully adapt to stressful periods of mental and nervous tension (*8), it may help to promote well-being (*2) and is credited with potentially supporting against mental and physical fatigue (*6). Ashwagandha is one of the few herbs with significant effects on both psychological and physiological aspects of human functioning as it improves the body’s resistance to stress and helps maintain mental balance whilst supporting the onset of sleep.

- CBD alternative
- Highly bioavailable form of PEA (2)
- Improved joint function (1)
- Reduced levels of inflammation (1), (6)

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide produced naturally in the body in response to injury and stress. It is found in lipid extracts of foods and plants such as egg yolk, peanuts and soybeans, as well as produced naturally in the body. Levagen+™ is a Trademark form of PEA manufactured by Gencor Pacific Limited. Using its Sister Company Pharmako Biotechnologies’s LipiSperse® delivery system, Levagen+™ demonstrates increased bioavailability and format versatility, especially in liquid (2.)

Lipisperse is a trademark of Pharmako Biotechnologies Pty Ltd”

Inflammation and the endocannabinoid system
Inflammation is the first biological response – the first immune mechanism to an external aggression of physical such as injury, toxic, chemical, or biological (virus and bacteria) agents . Levagen ® is an all-in-one ingredient that has been shown to potentially support joint health (1), sports recovery (3) and sleep.

Levels of PEA decrease in the body with age and during times of stress, inflammation or pain. Therefore, exogenous supplementation is needed to replenish depleted levels in the body. PEA may also influence the endocannabinoid system (4) and is thereby considered a safe and clinically-tested alternative to CBD.

For more details on levagen +(R) visit:
https://www.gencorpacific.com/ingredients/levagen

- Supports Immune system function (*3)
- Supports Psychological function *(12)
- Helps reduce oxidative stress. (*3)
- Supports healthy bones (*4)

Vitamin C genuinely is an amazing functional ingredient and whilst it is commonly used, it is also regularly neglected and overlooked. Vitamin C is a vital nutrient for health, it helps form and maintain bones, skin and blood vessels. Although it occurs naturally in some foods, many of us interested in maintaining a high level of performance and wellness, will supplement additional amounts in order to gain the potential additional benefits to our immune system (*5) and resilience, especially if we are undertaking periods of heavy physical and/or mental workloads.

- May aid relaxation (8)
- Amino acid found in green tea
- May help reduce stress (8)

L-Theanine is one of the main active ingredients found in green tea, alongside caffeine and green tea catechins. It may help reduce anxiety and promote relaxation without drowsiness. Reductions of perceived stress have been reported in human subjects given oral theanine. (8)

- Nervous system support
- Supports Psychological function (*10)
- Essential dietary mineral

Magnesium is a common mineral found in some foods like nuts and beans. We need this mineral for our bodies to stay in good overall health. Our bodies use magnesium in over 600 cellular reactions and it is necessary for every single cell, tissue, and organ in our bodies to function. Magnesium is a vital part in ensuring normal psychological function (*10) and helping the nervous system function correctly (*5), thereby helping your body and mind to perform optimally.

Uniquely, magnesium glycinate is known for its ability to affect our neurological health. Research has shown that 150 to 300 mg of magnesium glycinate taken a few times per day has shown marked improvement in cases of depression, anxiety, and memory loss.

All Magnesium supplements should be taken by mouth with or before meals/food to reduce the minor potential of stomach upset and always with a minimum of 250ml of water. Given that Pre Sleep ® contains Phospholipids like Phosphatidylserine and lipid precursors like Levagen ®, the likelihood of any stomach upset from Magnesium is reduced even further.

- Supports cognitive functioning
- Supports the immune system
- Supports healthy hormone levels

Zinc is found in cells throughout the body. It helps the immune system fight off invading bacteria and viruses. The body also needs zinc to make proteins and DNA, the genetic material in all cells. Zinc also contributes to normal cognitive function (*9).

We use zinc picolinate as it exhibits superior absorption to other forms of zinc.

B-Vitamin Complex: (Niacin, Riboflavin, Vitamin B6, Thiamine, Folic acid, Biotin, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid).

- Protect against oxidative stress (*6)
- Nervous system function (*6)
- Helps strengthen vision (*12)

B vitamins are a class of water-soluble vitamins that play important roles in cell metabolism and synthesis of red blood cells. HMN 24 ® use a B-Vitamin blend across our range products, believing they are key components of optimal human performance. They are particularly vital to offsetting fatigue (*1) and protecting against oxidative stress (*6). Riboflavin has also been shown to be a vital part of ensuring our vision stays strong (*12), which is paramount whilst spending much of our day looking at blue light sources.